Anti-Bribery & Corruption — Module 2 of 4

Grease

When a $2,000 payment could save the company A$95,000 — but cost it everything.

Portrait of Alexa Reeves, Compliance Manager at Meridian Engineering Pty Ltd
Your Role

Alexa Reeves

Compliance Manager, Meridian Engineering Pty Ltd

Three months since the Grand Final hospitality incident. Your credibility with the board is growing. Now Ghana is about to test everything you've built.

Meridian Engineering Pty Ltd won a A$2.4M subcontract for structural works in Accra, Ghana — its first major West African project.

Structural steel and specialist equipment has been stuck at Tema Port for 3 weeks. The port cites 'incomplete documentation' but won't specify what.

Project is 12 days behind. Liquidated damages of A$16,000/day start Monday. Meridian's ABC policy forbids bribery — but says nothing about facilitation payments.

Before You Start

How This Works

This is a decision-driven scenario. You'll face real decisions — and your choices shape how the story unfolds.

+3 Best practice — the response a compliance expert would choose
+1 Reasonable but incomplete — you're on the right track
−2 Risky or non-compliant — learn why this path creates problems

Tip: Highlighted text like Criminal Code s.70.2 is clickable — tap to read the legal reference in full.

Wednesday, 3:47 PM GMT
Narrator

Your desk phone rings. Caller ID: +233 — Ghana. It's Kofi Mensah, from the Accra site office.

Kofi Mensah

Alexa, the shipment still hasn't cleared. Three weeks. They keep saying the documentation is incomplete, but they won't tell me what's missing.

Kofi Mensah

The customs officer — a man called Adjei — took me aside. He said, very politely, that for a 'processing fee' of two thousand dollars, the shipment would clear tomorrow morning.

Kofi Mensah

I've worked logistics in West Africa for twelve years. Every company pays this. The ones that don't? Their equipment rusts at the port. Can we pay it? If not, I need a Plan B, fast.

Portrait of Alexa Reeves, Compliance Manager
Decision Point 1 of 3
4 DAYS UNTIL LDS BEGIN · A$16,000/DAY

Wednesday, 4:05 PM. Kofi is on the line. The maths: $2,000 now, or A$16,000/day starting Monday — potentially A$95,000+ in LDs. Meridian's ABC policy forbids bribery but is silent on facilitation payments. With Kofi's voice in your ear and the clock running, the pressure to 'find a way' is real.

What do you advise Kofi?

Your choice

Refuse the payment. Escalate formally.

Kofi refuses, documents the demand (date, time, words, official's name), reports to the Austrade team in Accra, and engages a licensed Ghanaian customs broker. Criminal Code s.70.2 makes paying a foreign official for business advantage criminal — even if small and 'routine'.

Your choice

Ask Kofi to verify if it's a legitimate fee.

Ask Kofi to check whether it's a formal charge with a Ghana Revenue Authority receipt. If yes, pay through proper channels. If no receipt, refuse. Buys time without authorising anything.

Your choice

Approve the payment as a facilitation fee.

Authorise the $2,000. Small amount, routine customs action, and the commercial cost of refusal dwarfs it. Many companies treat this as the cost of doing business. Record as 'port handling fees'.

Portrait of Kofi Mensah
Wednesday, 4:20 PM GMT +3
You

Kofi, we can't pay. No facilitation exemption under UK law. Two thousand dollars or two million — same offence.

Kofi Mensah

Laws don't move containers, Alexa. What's the plan?

You

Three things. Document the demand — date, time, words, the official's name. I'll contact Austrade in Accra. Can you get me a reputable local broker?

Kofi Mensah

Yaw Boateng — cleared shipments for Vinci and Skanska. Not cheap, but legitimate. I'll send his details.

You

Good. And Kofi — thanks for calling first. A lot of people wouldn't have.

Kofi Mensah

I've seen what happens when people don't. It doesn't end well.

Portrait of Kofi Mensah
Wednesday, 5:15 PM GMT +1
You

Kofi, before we do anything, I need you to ask the customs official one question: can you get an official government receipt for this payment? Issued by the Ghana Revenue Authority, with a reference number?

Kofi Mensah

Alexa, I know what you're doing. You're trying to find out if it's a real fee or a bribe. I can tell you right now — there's no receipt. There never is.

You

Then we can't pay it. But I need you to ask formally, so we have a record of the response.

Kofi Mensah

Fine. I'll ask. But when he says no — and he will say no — what's the plan?

Portrait of Kofi Mensah
Thursday, 9:00 AM GMT −2
You

Kofi, go ahead and pay the two thousand. Record it as port handling fees in the project accounts. Let's get the shipment moving.

Kofi Mensah

Are you sure? I want you to be very clear about this, Alexa. I'm not going to be the one holding the bag if someone asks questions.

You

I'm sure. The commercial exposure is fifty thousand plus. Two thousand to make it go away is a business decision.

Kofi Mensah

It's your call. I'll handle it. But Alexa — I want this in writing. An email from you authorising the payment.

Thursday, 11:30 AM GMT
The Pressure Mounts

It's Thursday morning. The shipment is still at Tema Port. Liquidated damages begin Monday — four days away.

You've just received a calendar invite from Sarah Park, Operations Director: "Urgent — Ghana project delay. My office. 12:00." The subject line is in red.

You check the project file. The main contractor has sent a formal notice of delay, referencing clause 8.3 of the subcontract. The clock is now contractual, not just operational. If the equipment isn't on site by Friday of next week, Meridian faces not only LDs but a potential termination for default.

Your phone buzzes. A text from Kofi: "Adjei came by the site office this morning. Asked if we'd made a decision about the processing fee. He was very polite. He's always very polite."

Portrait of Sarah Park, Operations Director
Thursday, 12:00 PM GMT
Narrator

Sarah Park is standing behind her desk when you arrive. She doesn't sit down.

Sarah Park

Alexa, I've just had the MD on the phone. He's had the main contractor on the phone. They're talking about termination for default. Do you understand what that means for this company?

You

I understand the commercial position, Sarah.

Sarah Park

Good. Then help me understand the compliance position. Because right now, the compliance position is costing us eight and a half thousand pounds a day. Starting Monday.

You

The customs official in Accra is demanding a payment. Under the Criminal Code (Cth)—

Sarah Park

I don't need a lecture on the Criminal Code (Cth), Alexa. I need a solution. We're looking at fifty thousand plus in LDs, potential termination of a two-point-four million pound contract, and reputational damage with the main contractor we can't put a number on.

Sarah Park

I'm not telling you to pay anyone anything. I'm telling you: find a way. That's what compliance is for, isn't it? Finding ways to do business without breaking the law?

Activity — Classify the Payment

Before advising Sarah, anchor your thinking. For each scenario, select the most accurate compliance classification.

A. A $50 cash payment to a port official for a receipted "expedited handling fee" listed on the published port schedule.

B. A supplier offers dinner for two at a restaurant one week before a tender closes.

C. A long-standing partner sends two A$180 trade-fair tickets — they are declared in advance, but your team is currently pricing a renewal contract with that partner.

D. An agent’s retainer invoice quotes a "success fee" equal to 12% of contract value — two to three times industry norm for the region.

E. A prospective client in a high-risk jurisdiction pays for a A$22/head team lunch at an industry conference, while their procurement team evaluates your proposal.

Portrait of Sarah Park
Decision Point 2 of 3

Sarah hasn't sat down. The project file is open: delay notice, LD schedule, termination clause. She's right that compliance isn't just saying no. She's also applying pressure that, if the payment is made, could implicate her under s.70.5A. But she hasn't told you to pay. She's too smart for that.

How do you respond to Sarah?

Your choice

Hold the line. Present the legal exposure.

Spell it out: paying exposes Meridian under Criminal Code s.70.2 — up to 10 years' prison, unlimited fines. Propose alternatives: licensed broker, High Commission engagement, escalation to Ghana's port authority. Slower but defensible. s.70.5A means without adequate procedures, the company is on the hook too.

Your choice

Escalate to the CFO. This is above your grade.

Tell Sarah this is a board-level call. A$95,000+ LDs vs unlimited fines and 10yr prison needs someone with authority to accept corporate risk. Request an emergency meeting with CFO Helen Carr before close.

Your choice

Tell Sarah you'll 'look into options.'

Buy time. Don't authorise, don't refuse. Tell Sarah you're exploring alternatives and will update her by Friday. Hope the broker or High Commission route resolves it before you have to make a harder call.

Portrait of Sarah Park
Thursday, 12:25 PM GMT +3
You

Sarah, here's the other side. Criminal Code s.70.2: paying a foreign public official for business advantage. Ten years' prison. Unlimited fines. The AFP prosecuted Securency / NPA in 2021 — A$77 million.

Sarah Park

Securency was millions in bribes. This is two thousand dollars.

You

No minimum threshold. And there's a corporate offence — Criminal Code s.70.5A, 'failure to prevent foreign bribery'. If anyone at Meridian pays, and we can't show adequate procedures, the company is liable.

Sarah Park

So what do you propose? 'Don't pay' isn't a solution.

You

Kofi's engaging Yaw Boateng — broker who's cleared shipments for Vinci and Skanska. I'm contacting the Austrade commercial team. And I'll write formally to the Ghana Revenue Authority requesting clarification. Boateng says 5-7 working days if our docs are in order.

Sarah Park

That's another forty to sixty thousand in LDs.

You

Versus criminal prosecution, debarment, and a conviction that follows Meridian for decades. I know which number is bigger.

Portrait of Sarah Park
Thursday, 2:30 PM GMT +1
You

Sarah, I think this decision needs to go to Helen. Commercial exposure and criminal exposure are both significant. This is a board-level risk call.

Sarah Park

You want me to tell the CFO that compliance can't give me a clear answer on a two-thousand-dollar payment?

You

I can give you a clear answer: the payment is illegal under UK law. What I can't do is unilaterally accept fifty thousand pounds in commercial losses. That's a decision for someone with budget authority.

Sarah Park

Fine. I'll set up the call. But Alexa — Helen is going to ask you the same question I'm asking. Have a better answer ready.

Portrait of Sarah Park
Thursday, 12:20 PM GMT −1
You

Sarah, I'm looking into options. I'll have an update for you by end of day Friday.

Sarah Park

Friday? Alexa, LDs start Monday. I need an answer today, not a status update on Friday.

You

I understand the urgency. I'm exploring alternative channels to clear the shipment without—

Sarah Park

Without what? Without paying? Alexa, I asked you to find a way. If you can't, tell me now so I can find someone who can.

The following Wednesday

Cleared the legitimate way

The customs broker, Yaw Boateng, secured clearance in five working days. The 'missing documentation' turned out to be a classification code the port authority had changed six months earlier. The original paperwork was fine — it just needed the updated code.

Cost of the legitimate route: A$23,000 broker fees + A$42,500 in LDs = A$54,500.

Equipment is on site. Project back on track. Sarah hasn't thanked you, but hasn't complained either. The MD called it "handled well, considering".

But the incident exposed something: Meridian has no clear policy on facilitation payments, no pre-approved channels, no customs broker on retainer. Every time this happens — and it will — it'll be another crisis.

Activity — Consequence Chain

Before revealing each stage, predict the outcome. Your prediction is scored — no free reveals.

Pay the official
Stage 1 — predict:
Stage 2
Stage 3
Refuse the payment
Stage 1 — predict:
Stage 2
Stage 3
Portrait of Alexa Reeves
Decision Point 3 of 3

Wednesday, 3:00 PM. Crisis over. Now: turn this into systemic change, or file the report and move on? The MD's comment gives you political cover. But policy work takes time, and three other matters are on your desk.

What do you recommend to prevent this from happening again?

Your choice

Draft a comprehensive facilitation payments policy.

Standalone policy: (1) prohibition with no exceptions, (2) pre-approved broker retainer per country, (3) 24-hour mandatory reporting, (4) embassy contact list, (5) quarterly high-risk review. Scenario training for all international staff. Board within 30 days.

Your choice

Update the annual ABC training and circulate guidance.

Add a facilitation-payments section to the annual training deck. Circulate the AFP position to country managers. Update the ABC policy to name facilitation payments as prohibited. Addresses the gap without a full overhaul.

Your choice

File the incident report and move on.

The system worked. You refused, the equipment cleared, the file closes. Move on to the three other matters on your desk. If it happens again, you'll handle it the same way.

Portrait of Sarah Park
Two weeks later +3
Narrator

Alexa drafts the Facilitation Payments Policy over the following two weeks. 14 pages, with appendices covering 6 countries where Meridian operates or is tendering.

You

The policy has five pillars: prohibition, pre-approved alternatives, mandatory reporting, country-specific protocols, quarterly review. I'm proposing a customs broker retainer in Ghana, Nigeria, and Kenya — approximately A$8,000 per year per jurisdiction.

Sarah Park

Twenty-four thousand a year for customs brokers?

You

The Ghana incident cost us fifty-four thousand in five days, Sarah. A retainer means the broker is already engaged when the next shipment arrives. No delay, no scramble, no Thursday meetings.

Sarah Park

Put it in the board paper. I'll support it.

Portrait of Kofi Mensah
Three weeks later +1
Narrator

Alexa updates the ABC training module to include a section on facilitation payments and emails the AFP's published position to all country managers.

Kofi Mensah

Alexa, I read the AFP guidance you sent. It's useful — but it doesn't tell me what to do next time a customs official asks for money. Do I call you? Do I call a broker? Who's paying for the broker?

You

Call me. Same as this time.

Kofi Mensah

And if it's a Friday afternoon and you're not answering your phone?

Six months later −2
Narrator

Alexa files the report. Thorough: dates, amounts, the official's words, the broker resolution. Saved to the compliance drive, marked 'closed'.

Narrator

Six months later, Meridian's Lagos team faces the same situation. Equipment held at Apapa Port. A 'facilitation fee' of $3,500. The site manager — hired three months ago, never briefed on Ghana — pays from petty cash and records it as 'port handling charges'. No policy tells him to report.

Narrator

Two months later, the same official asks for $7,000. He pays again. Then $12,000. By the time London notices, four payments totalling $26,500 are buried in the project accounts.

Case Outcome

The $2,000 Question

The $2,000 ask at Tema Port tested whether you could hold the line under pressure, propose alternatives, and turn a crisis into systemic change.

Module complete. Continue when you're ready.
Your Result
/ 9

Your Decisions

Key Lessons

1. Criminal Code s.70.2 has no facilitation-payment exemption. $2,000 to a foreign official is an offence — no safe de minimis threshold.
2. Compliance doesn't just say no — it offers alternatives (broker, embassy, formal correspondence) that keep the business moving lawfully.
3. Criminal Code s.70.5A holds the company strictly liable for bribery by associated persons. Adequate procedures are the only defence — and 'adequate' means real and enforced.
4. A pre-approved customs broker retainer is worth 10x its cost. Infrastructure prevents the next crisis; incident reports don't.

Key Legal References

Criminal Code s.141.1

Bribing another person

Criminal Code s.70.2

Bribing foreign officials

Criminal Code s.70.5A

Failure to prevent

Adequate Procedures Guidance

Facilitation payments

Adequate Procedures Elements

Adequate procedures

AFP Position

Prosecution approach

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Module 3 of 4

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A whistleblower flags undeclared gifts to an evaluation panel member during a live A$5.4M procurement.

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